Coral Reef 2. Coral reef - a reef that is the accumulation of skeletons of rafting organisms. Coral reefs are formed in seas and oceans where the water temperature stays above 18 ° C [1] [2] and the depth reaches 50 m [2] (currently in areas from 30 ° 30 'north latitude to 35 ° latitude geographical area [3]). Reefs are one of the most ecosystems sensitive to climate change. Climate models indicate that by 2050 reefs will be subjected to temperature stress each year causing fading [4].
Coral reefs are mostly off the coast in the continental shelf, but they are also lonely, for example in the shape of an atoll. They occupy about 0.1% of the seabed, but about 25% of all marine species depend to a different degree [5]. Corals need hot water at a temperature of 18 ° C, therefore they are not found above 30 ° and 35 ° north and south latitude, respectively. The salinity of water must be between 27 ‰ and 40 ‰ and it should be moving so that food reaches the organisms. Corals are also very sensitive to its pollution. These are coral reef puzzles.
