In the Galilean society of the time, it was common for an owner to lease his land to some farmer to cultivate it and give him the corresponding part of the fruits as payment. Due to poor harvests, high taxes and the rate of fruit to be paid to the owner, the living conditions of these farmers were truly very difficult. There had been some revolts against the owners. The situation described in the parable was thus familiar to the hearers. After the mistreatment and death of the servants, in a test of patience with the farmers, the owner of the vineyard, to give them a new opportunity and change their attitude, finally sends his son. With greater treachery, the farmers take the heir out of the vineyard and kill him. For the Jewish leaders, the words of Jesus had as an immediate reference the allegory of the vineyard, in Is 5, 1ff (first reading this Sunday). In it, it is clear that the owner represents God and that Israel is the vineyard that he cares for. The leaders are the farmers who have always mistreated the emissaries of the owner, the prophets, and lately they are rejecting their own Son (Jesus). The parable ends with a question to the audience to get involved and make a judgment. The leaders, still without taking the hint, propose an ending with two indications: finish off those evildoers and hand over the vineyard to those who bear fruit in due time. Taking the word again and with arguments from Scripture (Psalm Jesus
In the Galilean society of the time, it was common for an owner to lease his land to some farmer to cultivate it and give him the corresponding part of the fruits as payment. Due to poor harvests, high taxes and the rate of fruit to be paid to the owner, the living conditions of these farmers were truly very difficult. There had been some revolts against the owners. The situation described in the parable was thus familiar to the hearers. After the mistreatment and death of the servants, in a test of patience with the farmers, the owner of the vineyard, to give them a new opportunity and change their attitude, finally sends his son. With greater treachery, the farmers take the heir out of the vineyard and kill him. For the Jewish leaders, the words of Jesus had as an immediate reference the allegory of the vineyard, in Is 5, 1ff (first reading this Sunday). In it, it is clear that the owner represents God and that Israel is the vineyard that he cares for. The leaders are the farmers who have always mistreated the emissaries of the owner, the prophets, and lately they are rejecting their own Son (Jesus). The parable ends with a question to the audience to get involved and make a judgment. The leaders, still without taking the hint, propose an ending with two indications: finish off those evildoers and hand over the vineyard to those who bear fruit in due time. Taking the word again and with arguments from Scripture (Psalm Jesus
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